Jeremiah's oracles against the nations continue in chapter 49. Ammon, Edom, Damascus (capitol city of Aram), Kedar and Hazor, and Elam get the prophet's attention in that order. All of them will be destroyed. Ammon and Elam are to be restored one day. Some of these nations are described as women, particularly women suffering birthpangs, symbolizing their helplessness and suffering. In all of this the Babylonians are used as the tool of YHWH's wrath.
Chapters 50 and 51 are a lengthy oracle against Babylon. The nation that was used by YHWH to punish Judah (and just about everyone else) will now be punished by YHWH for its treatment of Judah. The invader from the north will be invaded by forces from the north.
Summon archers against Babylon,
all those who draw the bow.
Encamp all around her;
let no one escape.
Repay her for her deeds;
do to her as she has done.
For she has defied the Lord,
the Holy One of Israel.
(Jeremiah 50:29 NIV)
Next: Jeremiah 51-52
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